Digital planning in orthodontics. Applicability of the Kau, Pan, Gallerano index in contemporary orthodontics
Introduction
Digital planning in modern orthodontics is crucial in contemporary era, as it allows dentists to expand the limits of patients’ diagnosis and clinical treatment. Using tools such as 3D scanners, cone beam computed tomography with various software gives clinicians the opportunity to achieve more precise diagnoses and accurate predictions of treatments. In this way, digital imaging offers a precise localization of impacted canines which allows for the integration and applications of the Kau, Pan, Gallerano index.
Material and methods
To assess the applicability of the Kau, Pan, Gallerano index and digital planning in orthodontics, this review evaluates key studies that explore various aspects of the topic. Scientific databases such as Cochrane Library, Medline, Scopus, Medicus, NCBI, PubMed, and Google Scholar were used to find the necessary articles. Research methods like analysis, synthesis, systematization and description were applied.
Results
After analyzing the available data, this review presents the benefits and opportunities of digital orthodontics. The findings demonstrate that the Kau, Pan, Gallerano index offers high diagnostic accuracy by effectively categorizing various types of impactions. Moreover, the analysis reveals a strong correlation between the Kau, Pan, Gallerano index scores and successful treatment outcomes, showing that the index with digital technologies improves diagnostic accuracy and treatment planning.
Conclusions
The reviewed literature collectively indicates that this index is a valuable tool in contemporary digital orthodontics. Its interdisciplinary connection with digital planning which provides strong predictive value, and its comprehensive assessment approach make it an important component in modern orthodontic practice. Future research should continue to explore the advantages and disadvantages of modern technologies used in orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning, thus validating their efficiency and their applicability across diverse complex orthodontic cases.
Diagnosis of maxillary compression syndrome
Introduction
Upper maxillary compression syndrome is characterized by a deficit in transversal development and is recognized within the classification system of the German school. Regardless of the schools’ affiliation according to which this malocclusion is classified, the objective is to determine and select the treatment method with maximum efficiency. Thus, the compression of the upper jaw can also be included as a component in class II subdivision 1 malocclusions, presenting in 2 clinical forms. In addition, the types of palatal suture and their impact on the development of the maxilla in the transverse plane were identified. The purpose of the study was to assess the importance of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) in providing a comprehensive diagnosis of this malocclusion and formulating an elaborate treatment plan.
Material and methods
After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 165 patients were enrolled in the study. The research included patients with jaw compression syndrome diagnosed orthodontically during the mixed and permanent dentition periods. The patients were divided into 3 groups according to the stages of formation of the medio-palatine suture, correlating with their biological age. The research sample was calculated using ANOVA program: fixed effects, omnibus, one-way Analysis.
Results
Determining the shape and degree of formation of the median palatal suture at the ages studied in the research, favors the selection of modality, type, and speed of expansion. These factors are directly related to the stage of formation of the palatal suture, which may or may not coincide with the patient’s biological age. CBCT is the method of choice for assessing this. Furthermore, the range of movement in millimeters that can be achieved after separating the upper jaw can be determined, regardless of the type of expansion.
Conclusions
Based on the analysis of the data, we can appreciate the variety of expansion methods depending on the degree of formation of the medio-palatine suture. Through a comprehensive paraclinical examination and accurate interpretation, we can establish the definitive diagnosis of this clinical entity and create a treatment plan that minimizes the chance of recurrence.