Elevated or imbalanced levels of markers of oxidative stress and inflammation are often observed in various somatic pathologies and mental disorders, including schizophrenia
Vitamin D plays an important role in maintaining musculoskeletal health. As the glomerular filtration rate decreases, vitamin D deficiency also occurs. The aim of this paper is to highlight the level of vitamin D depending on the stage of chronic kidney disease.
Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is a common disease with a complex pathogenesis, characterized by difficulties in its diagnosis and treatment.
The article discusses oral lichen planus (OLP), a chronic inflammatory disease of unknown etiology characterized by recurrent lesions on the oral mucosa. Despite its prevalence, the exact causes and pathogenesis of OLP are not well understood, and current treatments often yield unsatisfactory results with potential adverse effects.