Despite the declining overall trend of ASIR, ASDR and age-standardized DALYs at the expense of high SDI quintiles, the CML burden remains stable due to the growing population in developing countries and the aging population in developed countries. Management of patients with primary diagnosed CML, with high risk factors, should include enhanced surveillance for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Diagnostics management of patients with CML includes morphological, cytogenetic and molecular-genetic investigations of the peripheral blood and bone marrow regardless of the phase of clinical evolution, with FISH and RT-PCR as proving resolutive modalities.